Lymphedema is a chronic condition characterized by protein-rich fluid accumulation in tissues due to lymphatic system disruption, causing swelling in limbs, neck, abdomen, or genitalia. It can be primary (hereditary) or secondary (post-surgery, radiation, or trauma). Treatment includes conservative methods like compression therapy and manual lymph drainage, and surgical options like lymphaticovenous anastomosis and liposuction for severe cases. Management aims to reduce swelling, improve limb function, and enhance quality of life.